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The Fracture of 1924

  In 1918, the General Assembly of Apostolic Assemblies (GAAA) and the Pentecostal Assemblies of the World merged, unifying Oneness Pentecostals into a large, interracial body. After being ousted from the Assemblies of God in 1916, the “Jesus Only” faction soon organized into the GAAA under the leadership of Daniel C. O. Opperman. The organization [...]

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Reformers & Rebels: Women, Pants, and Power in Nineteenth Century America

In the mid-1800s, groups of women began organizing to fight against a diversity of social ills and injustices. From abolition to temperance to suffrage, many women became activists for reform and equality, and some groups became extremely radical in their effort to effect social change. Amongst those who supported the women’s vote, were a core [...]

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Michel Servetus: Heretic or Hero?

On October 27, 1553, Michael Servetus was burned alive in Geneva, Switzerland, accused by John Calvin of heresy for his denial of the Trinity (Wilbur, Two Treatises xxv).  Servetus purportedly studied law in Toulouse and medicine in Paris and is credited with the initial discover of pulmonary circulation.  In 1531, just over twenty years of [...]

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Morjoe Gortner

  The story of Marjoe Gortner is a cautionary tale about the pitfalls of Pentecostal showmanship interlaced with hypocrisy, greed, and evangelistic gimmicks.  In 1972, the one-time child evangelist took to the revival circuit to produce a self-titled exposé on the “big business” of religion, duping church after church, posing as a prodigal son and [...]

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The Birth of the Nativity Scene

  The Nativity scene is one of the most cherished remnants of the Christian celebration of Christmas, which is increasingly eclipsed by pagan and secular trappings in our modern, materialistic culture.  From live manger scenes with farm and exotic animals to miniature figurines in a moss-covered stable to electric-lighted plastic lawn sets, the contemporary Nativity [...]

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Cautionary Remarks From An Azusa Pioneer

In 1925, Frank Bartleman, a journalist and itinerant Holiness evangelist turned Pentecostal wrote How Pentecost Came to Los Angeles, recording his close recollections of the Azusa Street revival, which began in 1906.  Writing fifteen years after the initial outpouring that brought thousands into the fledgling movement, Bartleman offers poignant criticisms of Pentecostals, who by the [...]

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Terrible Tresses: the Maleficent Meaning of the Hair of Witches

  The witch-hunt mania in mediaeval Europe and early America did much to crystallize cultural ideas about witches and their diabolical craft. The iconography of witches has adapted over time but has consistently drawn from established motifs in its depiction of practitioners of the Dark Arts. One of the most commonly repeated elements in artistic [...]

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Man with a Mission: Frank Bartleman at Eighth and Maple

by Matthew Shaw Frank Bartleman, who was so instrumental in the advent of Pentecost in Los Angeles, was an itinerant in spirit.  He was possessed of a mild but mercurial nature, which led him hither and yon working for the cause of the Kingdom.  Bro. Bartleman seemed always to be looking for the next deeper [...]

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Frank Emerson Curts: Laborer for Christ

Famed Indiana author, Kurt Vonnegut, once wrote: “I don’t know what it is about Hoosiers. But wherever you go there is always a Hoosier doing something very important there.” This was certainly true of the late Superintendent of the Ohio District of the United Pentecostal Church, Bro. Frank Curts, who hailed from Indiana but spent [...]

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